Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is a natural product of metabolism. People typically exhale around 200mL of CO 2 per minute at rest and over 4.0 L at peak exercise levels. [13] In a closed …

Disease Entity Disease Spaceflight associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS)—formerly called visual impairment and intracranial pressure (VIIP) syndrome [1] —is a constellation of findings …

May 16, 2025 · This collection of eye and brain changes is called “spaceflight associated neuro-ocular syndrome,” or SANS. Some astronauts only experience mild changes in space, while …