The second phenomenon, known as the paramagnetic effect, occurs when a strong magnetic field attempts to align the spins of both the electrons along the field direction. Ferromagnetism arises when a ...

its magnetic properties—especially the possibility of ferromagnetism—remain largely unexplored. VO typically exhibits antiferromagnetic or paramagnetic behavior, which limits its application ...

motivating the question of whether ferromagnetic ferrofluids could be made, and how their properties would differ from those of currently known paramagnetic ferrofluids. Figure 2: Ferromagnetic ...

"Because the best thermoelectric materials are semiconductors, and because we know of no ferromagnetic semiconductor ... we can now investigate paramagnetic semiconductors, of which there are ...

Figure 4: Ferro- and paramagnetic resonance spectra for ... any further insight into the mechanism involved in the observed ferromagnetism in our homogeneous samples obtained on carrying out ...

a remarkable combination of strong diamagnetism (superconductor like), paramagnetism and ferromagnetism can co-exist with the quasi two-dimensional electron gas when prepared under a more ...

"Because the best thermoelectric materials are semiconductors, and because we know of no ferromagnetic semiconductor ... we can now investigate paramagnetic semiconductors, of which there are ...